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California's Secondary Evidence Rule: Helpful, Yes. But Not an End Run.

Evidence at Trial

California's secondary evidence rule (Cal. Code §§ 1521 - 1523) provides a commonsense approach that begins with a simple general rule: "The content of a writing may be proved by otherwise admissible secondary evidence." Crown appealed the trial court's ruling, and the Court of Appeal affirmed.

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Judicial Notice: Four Must-Know Rules

Evidence at Trial

One its expert witnesses walked the jury through powerful demonstrative evidence detailing DNA contamination in its crime lab. Must-Know Rule #2: A Substitute for Evidence Cannot Bypass Relevance Like any rule of evidence, the details mustn't swallow the whole. Harrison , 651 F.2d 2d 353, 355 (5th Cir.